What are Tariffs? 什么是关税?
What is a Tariff?
A tariff is a tax imposed on foreign-made goods, paid by the importing business to its home country’s government.
关税是对外国产品征收的一种税款，由进口商支付给其本国政府。
For example, if there’s a 10% tariff on all goods from China, a product worth $10 would have a $1 charge added. That charge is paid to the U.S. Government by the importer.
如果对来自中国的所有商品征收10%的关税，那么一件价值10美元的产品将额外加收1美元的关税。该费用由进口商支付给美国政府。
How does this impact consumers? 关税将对消费者造成什么影响？
Because these tariffs are being paid by the importer, economists predict that prices of common goods will rise. ING estimates a rough yearly increase of $835 per person or $3,340 for a family of four.
由于这些关税由进口商支付，经济学家预测普通商品的价格将会上涨。荷兰国际集团（ING）估计，每人每年的生活成本大约会增加835美元，而一个四口之家的年增长额则约为3340美元。
For example, if Jewel Osco imports $100 worth of vegetables from China, they will have to pay a $10 tariff. This makes the vegetables higher in value, so the grocery store might sell them for more than usual.
如果 Jewel Osco 超市从中国进口价值100美元的蔬菜，他们需要支付10美元的关税。这使得蔬菜的成本上升，因此超市可能会以高于平时的价格出售这些蔬菜。
How does this impact businesses? 关税将对商家造成什么影响？
If goods are selling at a higher price than normal, this may impact demand. Not only will businesses have to pay more on their imports, they will have to sell items at a higher cost to offset their spending.
如果商品的售价高于平时，这可能会影响需求。企业不仅要为进口商品支付更高的费用，还必须以更高的价格出售商品以弥补支出。
For example, if a restaurant has to buy its vegetables from Jewel Osco & the price has increased per dish by $10, then the price of that dish might also increase by $10. This increase may be less appealing to customers. 如果餐馆必须从 Jewel Osco 超市购买蔬菜，而每道菜的成本因此增加了10美元，那么这道菜的售价也可能相应上调10美元。这种涨价可能会让顾客望而却步。
What tariffs are being implemented? 目前美国政府正在征收哪些关税？
Trump’s Executive Order on Saturday morning (2/1/2025) imposes tariffs on Canada, Mexico, and China, who together accounted for more than 40% of imports into the U.S. last year.
特朗普于 2025年2月1日（星期六） 发布行政命令，对加拿大、墨西哥和中国的进口商品征收关税。这三个国家在去年共占美国进口总额的 40%以上。
